SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
SDG 15: LIFE ON LAND
“This is the second of two SDGs that look at the broader ecosystem – the other being SDG 14: Life Below Water. Life on land is a precious resource – we need to ensure that it is passed on to future generations, at a time when loss of biodiversity is an increasing concern. Different universities will have responsibility for very different landscapes and the life within, but all have a responsibility as stewards of their environment.”
(THE Impact Rankings)
Supporting land ecosystems through education
Sustaining Forest Ecosystems through Voluntary Carbon Trading Partnerships at IPB University
Since 2009, the Gunung Walat University Forest (GWUF) of IPB University has collaborated with several companies, including PT Tanabe Japan, PT Toso Company, PT NYK Group, and PT ConocoPhillips Indonesia, to implement a Voluntary Carbon Trading scheme. Through this program, GWUF receives funding from these companies to plant and maintain forest areas in Gunung Walat, while the amount of carbon absorbed is reported annually as verification of the environmental compensation achieved through their investment. This initiative represents an innovative approach by GWUF to address the challenges of implementing mandatory carbon trading systems. The underlying principle is straightforward yet impactful: promoting tree planting to improve environmental quality while enhancing the forest’s natural capacity to sequester carbon. This long-term collaboration exemplifies IPB University’s strong commitment to forest conservation and the sustainable utilization of land resources.
Astra Sustainable Forest: IPB University’s Partnership for Carbon Offset and Sustainable Land Management
IPB University, in collaboration with Astra International, inaugurated the Astra Sustainable Forest in Garut Regency, West Java, as part of their ongoing Carbon Offset partnership established in 2022. This collaboration represents a joint initiative to advance carbon offset programs and support Indonesia’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) targets. The program adopts an agroforestry approach to promote sustainable rural development, covering a total of 868 hectares across Garut, Sukabumi, and Cianjur. The implemented carbon offset models include reforestation, enrichment planting, and rehabilitation in protection forest areas, as well as afforestation and land rehabilitation in community forests. The planting scheme consists of 60% productive trees and 40% forest trees, with approximately 180–209 forest trees and 800–1,000 coffee plants per hectare. Forest trees are planted along land boundaries with a spacing of 2–3 meters. Research conducted by the Faculty of Forestry and Environment of IPB University in collaboration with Astra confirmed that the program contributes to an estimated 545,291.51 tons of CO₂e absorption by the 20th year, demonstrating its significant role in supporting Indonesia’s NDC within the Forest and Other Land Use (FOLU) sector and reinforcing IPB University’s commitment to sustainable land and forest management.
Innovative Approaches to Sustainable Palm Oil Production and Land Rehabilitation
IPB University plays a leading role in promoting sustainable plantation and land management through the SustainPalm program, a three-year international collaboration with The Netherlands. The program implements a series of workshops, training sessions, and innovation challenges designed to advance environmentally responsible and economically viable practices in the oil palm sector. Within this framework, Working Package 1 focuses on enhancing productivity by integrating crop and livestock systems in plantations; Working Package 2 promotes the utilisation of plantation residues to prevent unnecessary land expansion; and Working Package 3 develops carbon- and biodiversity-rich landscape models to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and rehabilitate degraded ecosystems.
Reklatam IPB University: Advancing Conservation through Post-Mining Landscape Restoration
The Pusat Studi Reklamasi Tambang (Reklatam) of IPB University actively promotes conservation and sustainable land use through a series of initiatives focused on post-mining landscape rehabilitation. In June 2024, Reklatam collaborated with the Ikatan Alumni Minerba (IKA Minerba) to organize a workshop titled “Reklamasi dan Pemanfaatan Lahan Bekas Tambang” at the IPB International Convention Center, Bogor. The workshop highlighted innovative strategies such as greenhouse gas inventory on post-mining sites, soil amelioration techniques for areas with limited topsoil, and the integration of ecosystem restoration into post-mining land management. Continuing its efforts, in July 2024 Reklatam partnered with PT Danayasa Arthatama to assess land quality within the green-space area of the SCBD in Jakarta, conducting analyses of soil physical and chemical characteristics and providing recommendations for suitable plant species and land–water management systems to transform the site into an urban green and recreational space.
Tree Planting in Campus Forest Park
The Faculty of Forestry and Environment (Fahutan) of IPB University carried out a tree-planting event at the IPB Dramaga Campus Forest Park to celebrate World Environment Day. The activity involved 160 participants who planted 300 forest tree seedlings, including Khaya anthotheca (khaya), Swietenia mahagoni (mahogany), and Shorea sp. (meranti). The theme of this event, “Plant Trees to Reduce Emissions,” emphasized the contribution of participants to reducing carbon emissions, especially within the IPB Dramaga Campus environment. The event was also attended by kindergarten, elementary, and high school students from the surrounding areas, as well as representatives from PT United Tractors Tbk, Yayasan Karya Bhakti United Tractors, and PT Astra Daihatsu Motor, who explored potential collaborations with Fahutan IPB University under the Environmental Care Program.
IPB University’s Capacity-Building Programs for Sustainable Community Forest Management
Several lecturers and students from the Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University initiated a community forest management program. This program was implemented together with the Women Farmers Group (KWT) Sipon Harum Lestari and the Forest Farmers Group (KTH) Harapan Maju Kampung Sipon in Karyasari Village, Bogor Regency, West Java. The program, themed “Strengthening Farmer Group Capacity Towards Sustainable and Independent Community Forest Management,” included training and counseling on sustainable forest management techniques, from planting and maintenance to harvesting. It served as a platform for exchanging ideas, knowledge, and best practices in managing community forests.
In addition, two IPB University lecturers also conducted training for residents of Karangpari Village, Brebes Regency, Central Java. The training aimed to improve the management of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) and empower local communities through agroforestry concepts. The lecturers provided materials on methods for identifying suitable plant species based on genetic characteristics and local environmental conditions. This knowledge was expected to help increase agricultural productivity and improve farmers’ welfare. Additionally, the community received advocacy on the importance of strong village institutions in managing forest resources.
Programs to Promote Forest and Land Conservation
The Faculty of Forestry and Environment of IPB University also organized the 2024 Eco-Adventure Training Camp. This program aimed to develop students’ soft skills and produce high-quality human resources in the fields of forestry and environment. It was attended by active students from batches 57 to 60 of the faculty. The camp included various learning activities such as identifying medicinal plants and wildlife species around the IPB Dramaga Campus, bird banding, and camping techniques. These lessons were delivered through interactive classroom sessions, self-learning, and hands-on field practice at the Fahutan Campus Forest Park. The program was designed to help students apply their academic knowledge in practical settings and encourage them to play a more active role in environmental conservation.
The Natural Resources and Environmental Management Study Program (PSL) of IPB University, in collaboration with Ecologica, celebrated World Environment Day by organizing the 2024 National Seminar and Expo Week under the theme “Environmental Detox: Connecting With Nature.” The event was attended by 100 participants from various universities and featured a series of activities, with the National Seminar and Expo Week as the main highlight. The series began with mangrove planting in Cilacap, followed by a tree-planting event along the Ciliwung Watershed in Sukaresmi Village, Bogor Regency, supported by PT Mahakam Jaya, PT Geo Silva Nusantara, and Pertamina. This initiative served not only as a scientific discussion forum but also as an interactive space for academics, practitioners, and the public to engage in environmental sustainability efforts. The event emphasized the importance of nature conservation through small but meaningful actions that can create a lasting impact.
IPB University is strongly committed to promoting sustainable food systems and sourcing food through environmentally responsible practices. As stated in Rector Decree No. 133/2020 (point J, page 3), the university emphasizes adherence to animal ethics standards and the reduction of environmental impact. Furthermore, the Rector’s Policy on Healthy and Sustainable Lifestyle (article 5, page 8) mandates that all food served on campus must be sustainably sourced.
To implement these policies, IPB University has developed several programs ensuring that food procurement and production on campus follow sustainable standards. These include the establishment of an eco-labelled canteen and the Agribusiness and Technology Park (ATP), which is certified under the Indonesian Organic Farming Systems (SNI 6729-2016). Both initiatives support national goals in food security and environmental conservation, ensuring that the campus community has consistent access to sustainably produced food.
The Agribusiness and Technology Park (ATP) exemplifies IPB University’s commitment to sustainable agricultural practices. Certified under SNI 6729-2016 for Organic Farming Systems and aligned with Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 64/Permentan/OT.140/5/2013 on Organic Agriculture Systems, ATP adheres to strict standards in production, processing, storage, and marketing. Covering an area of 185.100 m², ATP collaborates with a total of 759 local farmers in 95 villages to produce organic food products distributed to modern markets, supermarkets, and online retailers. These initiatives strengthen campus sustainability while contributing to national food security and environmental protection objectives outlined in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020–2024 and Act No. 32/2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, demonstrating IPB University’s support for sustainable food systems and environmental stewardship.
Complementing these initiatives, the Sarjana Farmers’ Learning Facility (Sabisa Farm) serves as a practical learning platform for students interested in agricultural entrepreneurship. The farm provides hands-on training in fruit and vegetable cultivation and is also open to the public, offering visitors the opportunity to pick and enjoy fresh produce directly from the farm.
In addition, IPB University distributes an annual Eid Gift Package (Bingkisan Hari Raya – BHR) to all its employees, consisting of ten food products: beef, beef liver, chicken carcass, red tilapia, shrimp, rice, cooking oil, sugar, syrup, and wheat flour. Most of these products are sourced directly from IPB’s partner farmers and university-managed farms, ensuring that all cultivation and harvesting processes comply with the sustainability standards implemented by the university. This initiative further reflects IPB University’s ongoing commitment to promoting sustainably farmed and responsibly sourced food within its community.
IPB University is dedicated to preserving ecosystems and biodiversity, particularly endangered species, in accordance with Act No. 5/1990 (Currently, Act No. 32 of 2024 pertains to the amendments to Act No. 5 of 1990) on the conservation of biological natural resources and their ecosystems. This commitment is evidenced by scientific research, reports, and initiatives focused on mitigating biodiversity loss and preserving endangered species, frequently in partnership with pertinent stakeholders. IPB University collaborates with national and international stakeholders to mitigate biodiversity loss and preserve endangered species.
IPB University engages in collaborative efforts with national parks throughout Indonesia to enhance the protection and preservation of essential ecosystems and biodiversity. The university has formed multiple Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) with notable national parks, utilising these collaborations to support ongoing conservation initiatives. IPB University collaborates with Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, recognised as one of the most biodiverse protected regions in West Java. This partnership enables the university to promote research, education, and community engagement initiatives aimed at protecting the park’s diverse plant and animal life. IPB has established collaborative agreements with Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park in East Java and Kerinci Seblat National Park in Sumatra. These agreements facilitate the involvement of the university’s researchers and students in monitoring, restoration, and awareness initiatives within these ecologically significant areas. IPB University fosters strong ties with national parks, demonstrating its commitment to maintaining and enhancing the resilience of Indonesia’s natural ecosystems and the biodiversity they support.
Conserving and Enhancing Campus Biodiversity through Ecosystem Stewardship at IPB University
The IPB University campus in Dramaga, Bogor, is home to around 350 plant species, including rare and endemic species of Indonesia. This rich biodiversity highlights the university’s role as a living laboratory that maintains ecological balance within its landscape. Located about ten kilometers west of Bogor City, the campus features a diverse topography that includes flatlands, valleys, lakes, wetlands, and rivers. These varied habitats, ranging from arboretums, campus forest parks, and bamboo stands to grasslands and experimental gardens, support the survival of numerous plant and animal species. The dense vegetation cover also sustains perennial springs that provide water resources beneficial to both humans and other organisms.
Currently, IPB University records at least 350 plant species across different growth forms, including trees, shrubs, herbs, vines, and palms. The campus also cultivates over 120 species of medicinal plants preserved at the Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center (Trop BRC), such as Lunasia amara (sanrego), Arcangelisia flava (akar kuning), Eugenia uniflora (dewandaru), and Ficus deltoidea (tabat barito). Additionally, the university maintains a collection of 40 bamboo species and several rare and endemic trees, including Eusideroxylon zwageri (ulin), Diospyros celebica (ebony), and Pericopsis mooniana (kayu kuku), along with around 20 species of Dipterocarpaceae, such as Shorea and Dipterocarpus. Other notable species include Altingia excelsa (rasamala), Castanopsis spp. (saninten), and Schima wallichii (puspa).
Through these efforts, IPB University demonstrates a direct and active role in maintaining and enhancing existing ecosystems and biodiversity. Its campus serves not only as a center for scientific research but also as a vital conservation area that preserves Indonesia’s ecological heritage for future generations.
IPB University’s Contribution to Sumatran Rhino Conservation and National Biodiversity Strategies
IPB University is actively engaged in international collaborations to enhance the population of the critically endangered Sumatran rhinoceros through gene-editing initiatives, in alignment with relevant Government Regulations. Researchers from the School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (SKHB) and the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA) have successfully applied in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and other assisted reproductive technologies (ART), alongside the development of a BioBank system, under the mandate of Indonesia’s Ministry of Forestry. These innovations aim to support the conservation and rescue of the Sumatran rhinoceros.
In parallel, IPB University also advances biodiversity and ecosystem management through initiatives such as the Urban Forest I-Tree Research Project, conducted in collaboration with USFS-IP, which promotes sustainable forest management practices. Collectively, these initiatives contribute to achieving the targets of Indonesia’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (IBSAP) 2015–2020, now succeeded by the IBSAP 2025–2030, and demonstrate that IPB University’s conservation programs are integral components of Indonesia’s broader ecosystem and biodiversity protection efforts.
IPB University’s Students Conduct Biodiversity Exploration and Ecosystem Monitoring in Protected Areas
The Fauna Conservation Union (UKF) of IPB University conducted biodiversity exploration activities at the Cikepuh Wildlife Reserve in Sukabumi. Over the past three years, this exploration has collected extensive data on various animal taxa, including birds, mammals, insects, herpetofauna, and macrozoobenthos, as well as habitat characteristics. The collected data are expected to assist the management team of the Cikepuh Wildlife Reserve in developing and improving the area’s conservation strategies. The findings indicate that the reserve serves as an important habitat for a wide range of wildlife species, extending from coastal areas to inland forests.
UKF also carried out another observation to identify areas with potential to serve as habitats for different wildlife species. The team successfully recorded the diversity of mammals, birds, insects, reptiles, and amphibians at the Bodogol Natural Conservation Education Center (PPKAB) in Mount Gede Pangrango National Park. Among the wildlife observed were the Javan surili (Presbytis comata), Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch), and tree shrew (Tupaia glis). In addition to identifying wildlife species, UKF also analyzed habitat quality by studying vegetation structure and composition and assessing water quality through macrozoobenthos bioindicators. This activity is expected to contribute to nature conservation efforts and enrich scientific knowledge about local biodiversity.
IPB University offers comprehensive educational programmes on ecosystems, focusing on wild flora and fauna, for local and national communities. The educational programmes on ecosystems at IPB represent significant university initiatives and are essential elements of Indonesia’s comprehensive environmental education and conservation strategies. These programmes show IPBUniversity’s commitment in implementing the Presidential Instruction No. 1 of 2023 on Mainstreaming Biodiversity Conservation in Sustainable Development. The Presidential Instruction promotes the role of higher education institutions in the management of biodiversity through education, research, and community service and offers technical assistance in the form of education and training related to the conservation of biodiversity in sustainable development. It also aligned with Act No. 32/2009 regarding Environmental Protection and Management, which highlights the importance of environmental education and community involvement. The various educational initiatives collectively advance the goals of Act No. 18/2013 on the Prevention and Eradication of Forest Destruction by enhancing community awareness and involvement in ecosystem protection and management.
Conservation of Tropical Forest Resources Course
IPB University offers educational programs on ecosystems that focus on wild flora and fauna, catering to both local and national communities. Through the Conservation of Tropical Forest Resources (KSHE) program, run by the Faculty of Forestry and Environment, the university engages students and the broader community in conservation education. KSHE frequently organizes field trips, workshops, and social media campaigns to increase awareness about the importance of preserving biodiversity in tropical forests. By highlighting conservation practices and the roles of various species within ecosystems, these programs foster a greater understanding of sustainable practices and encourage community involvement in protecting wild flora and fauna.
Educational Programs on Wild Flora and Fauna Conservation by IPB University’s Primate Research Center
The Primate Research Center of IPB University collaborated with Central Oregon Community College (COCC), the Center for Southeast Asia and Diasporas at the University of Washington, the American Institute for Indonesian Studies (AIFIS), the One Earth Institute, the Washington National Primate Research Center, and the Center for Global Field Study at the University of Washington organized The 2nd Annual Field Course in Conservation Biology and Global Health. The program took place at the Pangandaran Nature Reserve and was attended by both national and international participants. On this occasion, students from the Tropical Biodiversity Conservation Study Program, Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism (KSHE), Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, conducted educational activities for elementary school students to raise awareness about the importance of conserving tropical biodiversity and its connection to global health. They also facilitated discussions on good conservation practices and healthy lifestyles, as well as organized an art contest with a conservation theme.
The Primate Research Center also organized The 4th Summer Course on Strategic Studies in Bio-Conservation and Biomedical of Primatology to Support Sustainable Eco-health and Primate Welfare. The course covered a wide range of topics related to primates, including primate identification, biodiversity, conservation, biomedical use of primates, and research ethics. Participants were also trained in practical fieldwork such as population counting, the use of camera traps, ethical sampling techniques, proper field sample collection, and laboratory sample testing. The activities took place at three locations: the IPB Primate Research Center, Telaga Warna Nature Tourism Park, and Taman Safari Indonesia, Bogor. This fourth summer course was attended by 24 onsite participants and 61 online participants, consisting of students and professionals from Indonesia, India, Bangladesh, Korea, the United States, Italy, and Japan.
Forest Management Training in Gunung Walat University Forest
The management of Gunung Walat University Forest (GWUF), IPB University, held a Forest Management Practice Training Program (PPH) attended by 103 forestry students from the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau. This program aimed to enhance students’ understanding of forest management. Participants received hands-on training on various topics such as forest protection, social forestry, soil and water conservation, non-timber forest product utilization, forest inventory, forest development, and mapping. After completing practical sessions at the Gunung Walat University Forest, the students continued their learning through field trips on conservation area management and ecotourism, visiting ex-situ wildlife conservation at Taman Safari Cisarua and ex-situ plant conservation at Bogor Botanical Gardens.
New students from the Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, enrolled in the Forest Ecology course, also participated in a field practicum at Gunung Walat University Forest. This activity aimed to introduce students to natural forest ecosystems through species identification and vegetation analysis. The practicum also included forest trekking and research plots making.
International Summer Course on Forestry and Environment
The Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, also hosted the 5th International Summer Course on Forestry and Environment (ForSC2024), themed “The Youth Contributions in Forest Management for Climate Crisis Mitigation.” The program included lectures, study tours to Gunung Walat University Forest, Mount Gede Pangrango National Park, and Situ Gunung, as well as an international Youth Initiative Contest (YIC). A total of 132 participants from 27 universities across seven countries joined the program, including Kyoto University, Seoul National University, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, and Universitas Tanjungpura. The summer course aimed to enhance youth participation and leadership in forest management and conservation efforts to mitigate the climate crisis.
The Agroforestry for Sustainability (AgroForStain) Program
The Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, in collaboration with the Trenggalek Regency Government, East Java, developed the Agroforestry for Sustainability (AgroForStain) program. This strategic initiative aims to create a sustainable ecosystem in the Trenggalek region. The AgroForStain program focuses on developing sustainable agroforestry systems on degraded lands in Trenggalek Regency. The program incorporates AgroFor-SocioTech-based drone seeding technology and carbon footprint assessment to accelerate the restoration of forest and degraded land ecosystems. IPB University also provided training for local communities in Trenggalek, including forest and land cover mapping, vegetation inventory, carbon footprint and carbon sequestration assessment, community perception and preference studies, low-carbon community training, and the application of drone seedling, myco-seedcookies, and seedbomb technologies for ecosystem restoration.
Smart Verticulture Training for High School Students
Lecturers from IPB University’s Vocational School (SV), through the Dosen Pulang Kampung program, held a workshop to inspire young generations and introduce sustainable agricultural technologies for plant cultivation. The workshop, focusing on Smart Verticulture, was held at SMKS Bhinneka Karya 5 Teras in Boyolali. Smart vertical gardening has become a revolutionary solution to address food security challenges and limited land availability by combining technological innovation with sustainable farming principles using simple tools. Additionally, IPB lecturers provided zero-waste training to encourage students to practice the 3R principles (reduce, reuse, recycle). By processing waste into compost, students learned to reduce fertilizer costs while producing crops free from chemical fertilizers.
Training of Trainers (ToT) on Sustainable Agriculture for Local Farmers
The Tani Nelayan Center (TNC) of IPB University, in collaboration with Gugah Nurani Indonesia (GNI), organized a Training of Trainers (ToT) on Sustainable Agriculture in Sukajaya District, Bogor Regency. This activity aimed to enhance farmers’ understanding of sustainable agriculture principles and soil ecology. During the training, farmers received materials on agricultural ecosystems, sustainable farming principles, and the relationships between biotic and abiotic components in agricultural land. They also conducted soil electricity observations, emphasizing the importance of organic and biological content for soil health. The training involved case studies and group discussions. In addition to the workshops, participants were given opportunities for hands-on learning and free soil testing services to deepen their understanding of sustainable agriculture.
Empowering Farmers through Counseling on Soil Microbes and Organic Fertilizer Innovation
Students participating in IPB University’s Thematic Community Service Program (KKNT) Innovation conducted agricultural optimization outreach activities for farmer groups and agribusiness actors in several villages in Cilongok District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java. This agricultural extension initiative stemmed from the students’ findings that agricultural productivity in Cilongok had declined. Upon investigation, the students discovered that the soil condition in agricultural and plantation areas had deteriorated due to excessive and continuous use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, resulting in suboptimal yields. The IPB students then conducted counseling sessions for farmers on the crucial role of soil microbes in improving soil properties. They also provided materials on alternative organic fertilizers, such as kasgot fertilizer which is a compost made from maggot waste residues as a sustainable substitute for chemical fertilizers.
Empowering Farmers through Agro-edutourism Training and Sustainable Land Management at Sukamantri Experimental Farm
IPB University, through its Sukamantri Experimental Farm, actively empowers local communities and promotes sustainable land management through training programs that integrate horticulture and agro-edutourism. IPB University has provided intensive guidance for more than 100 ornamental plant farmers in Sukamantri Village, helping them develop cultivation skills, adopt environmentally friendly practices, and design attractive agro-edutourism concepts based on their local resources. The training covered topics such as nursery management, landscape arrangement, eco-friendly production, and visitor education services, enabling farmers to transform their farms into educational tourism destinations. As a result, many participants have successfully become suppliers and even exporters of high-value ornamental plants while also attracting visitors through sustainable agro-edutourism initiatives.
The Sukamantri Experimental Farm itself, spanning approximately 40 hectares and hosting over 170 nurseries under the management of the Tropical Horticulture Study Center (PKHT), serves as both a learning center and a model site for integrating research, agribusiness, and tourism. In addition, the IPB University Graduate School included the farm as a field site for the 2023 Summer Course program, where local and international participants learned directly about sustainable horticulture, community-based agribusiness, and agro-edutourism development.
Empowering Local Communities through Sustainable Agro-Ecotourism Training at Mulyaharja Village
IPB University, through the Ecotourism Study Program of its Vocational School, actively provides educational and outreach programs for local communities to strengthen sustainable land management in tourism areas. In September 2024, the program organized a capacity-building workshop for approximately 20 participants from Agro Eduwisata Organik Mulyaharja (AEWO Mulyaharja), Bogor, which included micro, small, and medium enterprise operators, ticketing staff, area technicians, housekeeping teams, security personnel, and members of women’s farmer groups. The training, themed “Service Excellence for Agro-Ecotourism Managers,” aimed to improve the quality of tourism services while maintaining environmental and social sustainability. Participants were trained to understand visitor needs, deliver services effectively and efficiently through the principles of “better, faster, new, cheaper, and simple,” and foster visitor loyalty through good communication and reward systems. This activity forms part of IPB University’s commitment to empowering rural communities and developing ecotourism as a sustainable approach to land utilization, combining environmental conservation with economic and educational benefits for the local population.
Empowering Indigenous Communities through Sustainable Tourism Landscape Planning in Kasepuhan Girijaya
IPB University, through its Dosen Pulang Kampung program, facilitated the development of a sustainable tourism landscape in Kasepuhan Girijaya, Cidahu, Sukabumi. This initiative served as an educational outreach effort to empower the local indigenous community in managing their land for tourism in an environmentally and culturally sustainable manner. The activity involved participatory “mental mapping,” where residents identified key natural and cultural features of their landscape, such as valleys, forests, waterfalls, and rice paddies, based on their respective memories and perceptions. This program was followed by collaborative discussions with local leaders, youth, and villagers to design a tourism zoning map. The resulting plan integrates the community’s Triloka Principles (culture, religion, and nature) to ensure that tourism activities, including trekking, camping, and nature observation, are developed without compromising ecological balance or cultural integrity. This program exemplifies IPB University’s commitment to providing community-based education and technical assistance for sustainable land and tourism management.
Student Activities in Sustainable Land and Tourism Development
Students from the Department of Community Development and Communication Sciences (SKPM) at IPB University carried out a community outreach program to support the sustainable development of the Giwangkara River Tubing tourist destination in Neglasari Village, Dramaga, Bogor. The initiative focused on assisting local tourism managers in rebranding the site to attract visitors while maintaining environmental sustainability. As part of this program, students collaborated with community members to produce promotional photos and videos, and conducted training sessions on effective social media utilization to enhance visitor engagement and destination visibility. This activity not only strengthened the community’s capacity in digital promotion but also encouraged responsible and sustainable management of local natural resources.
Students from the Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism (KSHE) of IPB University facilitated a community outreach program in Wirajaya Village, Jasinga, Bogor, aimed at establishing a Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis – Tourism Awareness Group) as the leading force in developing a low-carbon tourism model. The program engaged local residents in discussions and training on sustainable tourism planning, waste management, and the integration of conservation principles into tourism activities. Through participatory approaches, the community learned to identify and utilize local natural and cultural assets as potential eco-tourism attractions while maintaining environmental integrity. The formation of Pokdarwis Wirajaya serves as a milestone for the village in transitioning toward a low-carbon and community-based tourism framework.
Supporting land ecosystems through action
IPB University has implemented a series of policies and initiatives demonstrating its commitment to the conservation, restoration, and sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems associated with the institution. These initiatives are aligned with Indonesia’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (IBSAP) 2015–2020, which has been succeeded by the 2025–2030 IBSAP, contributing to the nation’s broader biodiversity conservation goals. Through comprehensive campus-wide strategies, academic programs, and international collaborations, IPB University positions itself as a leader in environmental stewardship within higher education. Its integrated approach supports both the university’s ecological management needs and national environmental policies while aligning with global sustainability objectives. This demonstrates the essential role of educational institutions in ecosystem conservation and sustainable land management.
The IPB Biodiversity Campus Code of Ethics formalizes this commitment, guiding activities to protect and enhance biodiversity in accordance with Act No. 32/2009 on Environmental Protection and Management. Furthermore, Rector Decree No. 133/IT3/LK/2020 on Commitment to the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (point r, page 4) reinforces IPB’s dedication to biodiversity conservation within the campus, ensuring that every construction project considers environmental sustainability. This policy aligns with Government Regulation No. 28/2011 on the management of nature reserves and conservation areas, as well as Presidential Regulation No. 9/2013 on the management of protected areas, effectively adapting national frameworks to the university setting.
IPB University also promotes terrestrial ecosystem conservation through the management of the Gunung Walat University Forest, overseen by the Faculty of Forestry and Environment since 1968. This forest serves as a model for reforestation and community engagement, integrating education, research, and local participation in environmental stewardship. It also functions as an ecotourism site that provides both educational and economic benefits to nearby communities.
Additionally, IPB University’s membership in the Nature Positive Universities Alliance highlights its ongoing dedication to biodiversity protection and global sustainability objectives, consistent with Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 3/2020 on National Higher Education Standards.
IPB University demonstrates a strong commitment to identifying, monitoring, and protecting IUCN Red Listed species and nationally protected species. This commitment aligns with key national regulations, including Act No. 5/1990 on the Conservation of Living Resources and Their Ecosystems (amended by Act No. 32/2024) and Government Regulation No. 7/1999 on the Preservation of Plant and Animal Species. Through these frameworks, the university not only complies with national conservation laws but also contributes actively to Indonesia’s broader efforts in protecting endangered species, setting an example for other institutions. Its initiatives are consistent with the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry No. P.20/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/6/2018 on the protection of endangered species. Within the campus, this policy is reinforced by the Academic Senate Regulation No. 36/2020, which specifies measures for animal protection in university-managed areas (page 9, point 2f).
IPB University’s Occupational and Environmental Health and Safety Management System (SMK3L) also safeguards local flora and fauna in areas impacted by institutional activities (page 29, subsection 1.1, point d). This system incorporates biodiversity monitoring as part of the work environment management strategy (page 2, subsection 1.2, point b-II-(1)) and aligns with Act No. 32/2009 on Environmental Protection and Management. Specific biodiversity monitoring targets are outlined in the SMK3L guidelines (page 32), ensuring systematic protection and management.
Further strengthening this commitment, the Indonesia Species Specialist Group (IdSSG) at IPB University plays a key role in updating Indonesia’s National IUCN Red List, in line with the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry No. P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018 on Protected Plant and Animal Species. Comprising biodiversity experts, IdSSG collaborates with government bodies and partners to improve data on underrepresented taxa and regions, while also promoting awareness, capacity building, and international collaboration to prevent biodiversity loss. These activities align with the objectives of the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (IBSAP) 2015–2020, succeeded by the 2025–2030 IBSAP.
IPB University regularly monitors biodiversity within its campus, identifying a rich variety of species, including 348 types of insects, 10 mammals, 48 birds, 53 herpetofauna species. IPB University records at least 350 plant species across campus area. IPB also cultivates over 120 species of medicinal plants preserved at the Tropical Biopharma Research Center (Trop BRC), such as Lunasia amara (sanrego), Arcangelisia flava (akar kuning), Eugenia uniflora (dewandaru), and Ficus deltoidea (tabat barito). Additionally, IPB University maintains a collection of 40 bamboo species and several rare and endemic trees, including Eusideroxylon zwageri (ulin), Diospyros celebica (ebony), and Pericopsis mooniana (kayu kuku), along with around 20 species of Dipterocarpaceae, such as Shorea and Dipterocarpus. Other notable species include Altingia excelsa (rasamala), Castanopsis spp. (saninten), and Schima wallichii (puspa). This regular monitoring effort shows how the university applies the principles of Presidential Regulation No. 9/2013 on the Management of Protected Areas to its own environment, ensuring that conservation practices are embedded in its daily campus management and ecological policies.
To further support species conservation, IPB University operates breeding facilities for endangered species such as long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) at the Tinjil Island field station and Bali starlings (Leucopsar rothschildi), a critically endangered IUCN species. These efforts align with Ministerial Regulation No. P.92/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/8/2018 on Protected Plants and Animals. The Tinjil Island field station functions as a semi-natural breeding site as well as an educational, research, and training facility for students and staff from IPB and other institutions engaged in primatology.
In addition, IPB University has pioneered the application of assisted reproductive technology (ART) to conserve endangered species such as the Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis). Researchers from the School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (SKHB) have successfully applied in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) techniques using gametes collected from wild individuals to create viable embryos. These embryos can then be transferred to surrogate mothers or cryopreserved in a biobank for future use. This innovation represents a major advancement in wildlife conservation, positioning IPB University as a key contributor to Indonesia’s scientific efforts in preventing extinction and promoting species recovery.
IPB University shows a strong commitment to including local biodiversity in all stages of campus planning and development, such as the construction of new buildings. This practice aligns with several national and regional regulations, including Law No. 26/2007 on Spatial Planning, Minister of Public Works Regulation No. 05/PRT/M/2008 on Guidelines for Green Open Space in Urban Areas, and Government Regulation No. 46/2016 on Strategic Environmental Assessment. By following these regulations, IPB not only complies with government policies but also sets a high standard for integrating biodiversity into sustainable campus design. This effort is also in line with Presidential Instruction No. 1 of 2023 on Mainstreaming Biodiversity Conservation in Sustainable Development, which emphasizes the role of higher education institutions in managing biodiversity through education, research, and community service.
Rector’s Decree No. 133/2020 further strengthens this policy by requiring biodiversity considerations to be part of every planning and development process on campus (point r, page 2).
In addition, IPB University’s masterplan for open and green spaces, especially at the Dramaga Campus, supports Presidential Regulation No. 97/2017 on the National Strategy for Managing Living Space. The plan ensures that open spaces are preserved through 2045, even as the campus population continues to grow, showing the university’s long-term commitment to biodiversity and sustainability.
To ensure these goals are achieved, IPB University has developed a detailed campus masterplan along with development monitoring guidelines that direct all infrastructure projects. These guidelines make sure that every new construction or renovation follows green development principles and is evaluated using clear performance indicators. The preparation of this document was coordinated by the Vice Rector for Resource and Infrastructure Resilience, together with the Directorate of Sustainable Campus Planning and Development (Ditrenbang), the Directorate of General Affairs and Infrastructure (DUI), the Risk Management Office (KMR), and the Procurement Unit (UP) (IPB Sustainability Report 2024, p. 12).
IPB University has a robust policy aimed at reducing the impact of alien species on campus, aligned with national regulations and environmental standards. This policy is outlined in Rector’s Decree No. 133/2020, which explicitly states (point p, page 3) that efforts must be made to ensure no alien or invasive species are present within the campus environment. The policy supports the objectives of Act No. 5 of 1990 on the Conservation of Living Resources and Their Ecosystems (as amended by Act No. 32 of 2024), which provides the national framework for protecting native species and managing invasive species in Indonesia. It also aligns with Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.94/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/11/2016 on Invasive Alien Species, as well as the Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 48/Permentan/SR.130/8/2016 on Invasive Alien Plant Species, and Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.92/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/8/2018 on Protected Plants and Animals.
To implement this policy, IPB University also monitors campus biodiversity and conducts research on invasive alien species. A recent study by IPB student identified 32 invasive plant species on campus; however, the Shannon–Wiener diversity index of 3.11 indicates that the overall ecosystem remains highly diverse, balanced, and stable. The research also found that most invasive species were intentionally planted for educational and research purposes and are closely monitored to prevent uncontrolled spread. These findings reflect IPB University’s active management and commitment to minimizing the impact of alien species while maintaining biodiversity and supporting environmental sustainability on campus.
Forest for All: IPB University’s Model of Shared Land Ecosystem Management
The Gunung Walat University Forest (GWUF), covering more than 350 hectares, has been managed by the Faculty of Forestry and Environment of IPB University since 1968 under a mandate from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia. The area serves as an educational and training forest, managed through a shared land ecosystem approach that actively involves students and local communities in forest restoration and management programs. This collaboration allows local residents to participate in activities such as tree planting, forest maintenance, and biodiversity monitoring, fostering both environmental conservation and community empowerment. Beyond its function as an educational and research forest, the Gunung Walat University Forest has also become an ecotourism destination that generates economic benefits for nearby communities who contribute directly to its sustainable management.
Kampung Inovasi Subang: University–Community Partnership for Sustainable Shared-Land Ecosystem Restoration and Productivity
The Kampung Inovasi Subang program in Kiarasari Village, Compreng District, Subang Regency, demonstrates IPB University commitment to maintain and sustainably manage shared land ecosystems. Through this initiative, IPB University worked hand in hand with local farmers, local vocational school, local government agencies, and private companies to implement sustainable farming innovations. These include soil fertility mapping, mechanized planting and harvesting, and bio-intensive cultivation systems designed to optimize land productivity while preserving soil health. Farmers also received mentoring in sustainable land use, pest control, and water-efficient practices. The program successfully improved agricultural productivity by more than 25% and reduced input costs by over 30%, while strengthening community capacity and food security.
Land-sensitive waste disposal
IPB University, through Rector’s Decree No. 133/2020 point (s), states that the university conducts regular water quality monitoring and manages liquid waste within the campus. To ensure accuracy and reliability, IPB applies the ISO 17025 standard for water quality analysis in its laboratories, including those at the Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, and the PROLING Laboratory of the Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences. This reflects the university’s commitment to maintaining credible and precise water quality management.
IPB University’s water quality standards follow national regulations on water management and pollution control, including Government Regulation No. 82/2001 on Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control, which provides the legal basis for water quality standards. The university also complies with Minister of Environment Regulation No. 5/2014 on Wastewater Quality Standards, which specifies the parameters and limits for wastewater discharges.
In addition, IPB University adheres to the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.68/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/8/2016 on Domestic Wastewater Management, which applies directly to campus operations. The implementation is also aligned with Government Regulation No. 22/2021 on Environmental Protection and Management, which emphasizes the importance of maintaining water quality and proper wastewater treatment.
IPB University also operates a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) to treat and neutralize biological and chemical waste from campus buildings using biotechnology and supporting equipment, ensuring that the discharged water is environmentally safe.
IPB University is strongly committed to reducing plastic waste on campus, aligning its actions with both national and local environmental regulations.
At the national level, the university’s policies are guided by Law No. 18/2008 on Waste Management, which serves as the legal foundation for waste management and plastic waste reduction efforts. IPB University also complies with Government Regulation No. 81/2012 on Waste Management of Household Waste and Similar Waste, which sets specific requirements for plastic waste handling. In addition, the university’s initiatives follow the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.75/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/10/2019 on the Reduction of Plastic Waste, which establishes national targets and guidelines for minimizing plastic use. Through policies limiting plastic consumption on campus, IPB University demonstrates its full adherence to these national standards.
To institutionalize its commitment, IPB University issued Rector’s Decree No. 133/2020, explicitly identifying plastic waste reduction as a key priority (page 3, point n). Furthermore, Rector Regulation No. 29/IT3/OT/2020 establishes a waste management framework that reinforces the university’s plastic reduction objectives.
IPB University’s policy is further strengthened by Circular Letter No. 24714/2021 (page 6, point 3.ii), which promotes the use of sustainable alternatives and limits single-use plastics among students, staff, and visitors.
IPB University has a comprehensive policy and practice in place for the disposal of hazardous materials, ensuring alignment with national and local regulations. At the national level, the university’s waste management policies adhere to Government Regulation No. 101/2014 on Hazardous and Toxic Waste Management, which provides the legal framework for the proper handling and disposal of hazardous waste; Minister of Environment Regulation No. 30/2009 on Procedures for Waste Permit Issuance, which outlines the necessary steps for obtaining permits related to hazardous waste management; Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.12/MENLHK/SETJEN/PLB.3/5/2020 on the Management of Hazardous and Toxic Waste, which provides the latest technical standards and guidelines for the handling of hazardous and toxic waste.
IPB University also refers to the Minister of Environment and Forestry Circular Letter No. SE.2/MENLHK/PSLB3/PLB.3/8/2020 on the Implementation of Hazardous and Toxic Waste Management, which offers additional guidance on the practical implementation of hazardous waste management
Policy on Waste Disposal Management
At the local level, IPB University’s hazardous waste disposal is aligned with the Bogor Regency Local Regulation No. 6/2018 on Waste Management, which provides a comprehensive framework for waste management, including the handling of hazardous waste. IPB University has formalised its commitment to responsible hazardous waste disposal through the issuance of Circular Letter No. 22015 (point 6, page 2), which outlines the university’s waste management policy, including the management of hazardous waste. Each unit within the university has to implement the zero-waste policy, such as by reducing single-use items (such as plastic and styrofoam) and managing hazardous waste.
Commitment to Implement Standardized Waste Management
To formalise its commitment, IPB University has issued Circular Letter No. 22015 (point 6), which outlines the university’s waste management policy, including the management of hazardous waste. Additionally, Rector’s Regulation Number 133/IT3/LK/2020 (page 14, point m) ensures that all hazardous waste generated within IPB University will be treated according to applicable regulatory standards.
Unit Coordinator for Campus Waste Management
To oversee and coordinate the implementation of the university’s waste management practices, the Directorate of Infrastructure, Facilities, and Campus Environment Security plays a central role, as mandated by the Board of Trustees Regulation Number 06/MWA-IPB/P/2020 (page 62, Part 9, Article 85). This helps maintain water quality standards, protecting ecosystems, wildlife, and human health.
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